The most important term throughout
the essay is complexity. From the very beginning Johnson describes the ant farm
as extremely complex and paints a vivid picture of turmoil and chaos; a system
that so intricate that it seems incomprehensible. He then contrasts this idea
of meaningless noise with the patterns that arise from it. Johnson continues to
bring up the concept of baffling complexity and proceeds to contrast it with
examples of method that arises from madness. Further on in the essay he
differentiates the two forms of complexity in the context of urban centers. He separates
the complexity of the sensory overload that comes with the hustle and bustle of
city with complexity that the city has as a self-organizing system.
In addition, to using complexity as
a point to bring up contrast, Johnson also weaves in a lot of transitions that
are centered around term. At the beginning of the essay, Johnson gives the
examples of the ant farm and the city of Manchester as examples of systems
where order seemed to come out of crazily sophisticated system. he then
mentions the inherent complexity of large self-organizing as a way to transition
into analyzing patterns in these kinds of systems, specifically in the case of
Manchester. Later on he further breaks down the complexity of self-organization
into disorganized and organized complexity. Once again Johnson uses the opportunity
to expand on the way that patterns may be discerned in these kinds of systems. Specifically,
when talking about organized complex systems, Johnson provides an example of
the bottom up, demon style of programming that has become prevalent in society
today. All in all, Johnson relies heavily on term complexity to further the
essay.
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